Discus breeding aquarium
Obtaining a Discus pair
If you want to you can buy an established Discus pair that has already spawned together in the past. Such a couple will however be expensive, and most aspiring Discus breeders therefore purchase a group of juvenile Discus fish instead and let them grow up together. Hopefully, at least one pair will form in a group of Discus as they reach maturity. If you are lucky you will get several pairs. Getting a least six specimens is recommended. Try to mix Discus fish from several different sources since this will decrease the risk of getting a too limited genetic pool.
Discus breeding aquarium
Once a Discus pair is formed they will claim a territory and defend it against all the other Discus fishes. When you notice this, it is time to either remove all the other fish or set up a special breeding aquarium for the pair. A 20-30 gallon aquarium is big enough to serve as breeding aquarium and the only mandatory décor is a vertical spawning site. It is however a good idea to include hiding spots as well, since Discus pairs can fight each other quite violently.
Water management
As mentioned in the beginning of this article, water management is extremely
important when keeping and breeding Discus. The levels of nitrogenous waste must
be kept as close to zero as possible. Carry out a small water change every day
in the breeding aquarium and use your test kit to keep an eye on the levels of
ammonia, nitrite and nitrate. Wild Discus live in soft and acidic waters, but if
you have captive bred specimens they might be accustomed to harder and less
acidic conditions. The recommended water temperature is 86 degrees F.
Feeding
Feeding your Discus a varied and nutritious diet – and making sure that the
fish actually eat it – is imperative if you want to breed Discus. Poor water
quality can cause poor appetite in Discus and must therefore be avoided at all
costs. Live food such as white worms and bloodworms is certainly recommended,
but be careful with live food that you do not cultivate yourself since it might
introduce disease. You can supplement live food with high quality prepared foods
to make sure that your fish receives all necessary vitamins.
Spawning and fry raising
Once the couple has started to spawn, you can expect a new batch of eggs to
be laid every week or every second week for up to 15 times in a row. A healthy,
well functioning pair can go through two such spawning cycles per year. The eggs
will normally hatch within 48 hours and the fry is free-swimming after another
72 hours. The free swimming fry will swim up to their parents and start feeding
on a special type of nutritious mucus produced by the skin of the parents. They
can continue to feed off their parents for several weeks, but you should start
giving them newly hatched brine shrimp as well when they have been free swimming
for 5-6 days.
Fry aquarium
The longer you leave the fry with their parents, the higher the risk of
parasites being transmitted from the adults to the fry. The fry can also start
eating not only mucus but pieces of skin and flesh from their parents, and this
will naturally weaken the parents considerably. Most breeders therefore remove
the fry to their own fry aquarium after 2-3 weeks. Fry without their parents
should be fed at least six times a day and can for instance be given microworms,
newly hatched brine shrimp and chopped up bloodworms. Keeping the water quality
up is naturally extremely important. Feed only small servings and carry out at
least one water change per day.
